ぶん

I

[文] *sentence

【C】〔文法〕文∥ compose ［make up］ compact and clear sentences 簡潔で明晰(^めいせき)な文を作る / Repeat this sentence after me. 私のあとについてこの文を繰り返しなさい / follow a sentence with a period 文の終りに終止符を打つ / interpret a sentence 文を解釈する / Put the sentence in ［into］ the negative. その文を否定文にしなさい / This sentence permits (of) two interpretations. ＝We can interpret this sentence in two ways. この文は2通りに解釈できる. 【関連】

◇→断定文

◇→平叙文

◇→感嘆文

◇→疑問文

◇→命令文

◇→否定文

◇→単文

◇→重文

◇→複文

◇→商業通信文

◇→暗号文

◇→引用文

◇→声明文

¶→文は武よりも強し

II

[分] ①［分け前・取り分］

〔割り当て〕

¶これが君の～のケーキだよ

Here is your share of the cake.

¶ソバを2人～食べる

eat two portions of soba

¶君たち全員に足りるだけの～がある

There is enough for all of you.

¶彼の～の勘定を払う

pay for him.

②［部分］

⇒―ぶん

③［程度・状態］

〔調子〕

¶→この分では

¶高く登った～だけ， 落ちた［失敗した］とき痛い

The higher you climb， the harder you fall.

④［本分］

¶→己れの分を尽す

⑤［身分・地位］

〔立場， 身の程， 分際〕

¶～不相応の［～に応じた］生活をする

live beyond ［within］ one's means

¶→分をわきまえる

分
dividing
part
segment
share
ration
rate
degree
one's lot
one's status
relation
duty
kind
lot
branch
detached
文
sentence

* * *

I

―ぶん【―分】

①［分数］

¶2～の1

one half

¶4～の3

three fourths

¶ケーキの4～の1

a quarter of a cake

¶そこの住宅の3～の1が焼失した

A ［One］ third of the houses there were ［^×was］ burnt down. 《◆「a third of＋複数名詞」では複数扱い》

¶20～の1の勾配で

at a slope of 1 in 20.

②［分量］

〔割合〕

¶1焼き～のクッキー

a batch of cookies

¶1箱～の衣服［茶］

a chest of clothes ［tea］

¶ジャムまるまる1びん～

a whole pot of jam

¶1週間～の衣類が入る旅行かばん

a traveling bag carrying a week's worth of clothes.

③［成分］

¶水～の多いモモ

a mellow peach

¶塩～の多い食物は避けるのがよい

You had better avoid taking salty food.

II

ぶん【分】

①［分け前・取り分］

〔割り当て〕

¶これが君の～のケーキだよ

Here is your share of the cake.

¶ソバを2人～食べる

eat two portions of soba

¶君たち全員に足りるだけの～がある

There is enough for all of you.

¶彼の～の勘定を払う

pay for him.

②［部分］

⇒ ―ぶん

③［程度・状態］

〔調子〕

¶ → この分では

¶高く登った～だけ， 落ちた［失敗した］とき痛い

The higher you climb， the harder you fall.

④［本分］

¶ → 己れの分を尽す

⑤［身分・地位］

〔立場， 身の程， 分際〕

¶～不相応の［～に応じた］生活をする

live beyond ［within］ one's means

¶ → 分をわきまえる

III

ぶん【文】

*sentence

〖C〗〔文法〕文

compose ［make up］ compact and clear sentences 簡潔で明晰(^めいせき)な文を作る

Repeat this sentence after me. 私のあとについてこの文を繰り返しなさい

follow a sentence with a period 文の終りに終止符を打つ

interpret a sentence 文を解釈する

Put the sentence in ［into］ the negative. その文を否定文にしなさい

This sentence permits (of) two interpretations. ＝We can interpret this sentence in two ways. この文は2通りに解釈できる.

〖関連〗

◇ → 断定文

◇ → 平叙文

◇ → 感嘆文

◇ → 疑問文

◇ → 命令文

◇ → 否定文

◇ → 単文

◇ → 重文

◇ → 複文

◇ → 商業通信文

◇ → 暗号文

◇ → 引用文

◇ → 声明文

¶ → 文は武よりも強し

* * *

I

ぶん【分】

1 〔分け前〕 a share; a part; a portion; 〔食物の〕 a helping; a serving.

●自分の分 one's share; one's own.

●マリコの分として残しておく reserve [leave aside] 《a part, sth》 for Mariko

・人の分まで食べる eat other people's part [portion] as well as one's own.

●…の分になる fall to sb's share

・…の分にする set sth aside as sb's portion.

●これは君の分だ. This is for you.

・切符は君の分も買っておいた. I have bought a ticket for you, too.

・(勘定を)自分の分だけ払った. I paid my own bill.

2 〔ある範囲の分量〕 a portion.

●追加分 an additional portion

・不足分 a [the] shortage; a shortfall.

●自分が働いた分の半分は子供の保育園代に消える. Half of what I earn goes to my children's day nursery fees.

●この間買った分はもうなくなった. The lot I bought the other day is gone now [has run out, has been used up].

・材料の余った分は次回のためにとっておきましょう. Let's set aside the ingredients which were left over, to use (the) next time.

・とりあえず出来上がった分だけお持ちしました. For now, I've just brought the parts which are finished (already).

3 〔身分･分限〕 one's lot; one's status; one's place; one's social station [position, standing]; 〔本分〕 one's duty; one's part.

●分に過ぎた undue; undeserved; 〔暮らしなど〕 above one's means

・分に応じた働きをする serve 《one's company》 according to one's power; do one's bit 《for the sake of one's company》

・分に応じて according to one's due

・分に安んじる be contented with one's lot.

●分を守る keep to one's sphere in life

・分をわきまえる know one's place [station]

・分をわきまえさせる put sb in his place

・分を越える be impudent

・己の分を尽くす do one's duty [part, bit]; pull one's own weight.

4 〔程度〕 a rate; a degree; 〔調子〕 a condition; a state (of affairs).

●この分では ⇒このぶん

・あの分では財産はすぐなくなってしまうだろう. At that rate his fortune will not last long.

●…している分には so long as…

・その作業は見ている分には簡単そうだ. From what I can see of that work [operation], it looks easy.

・安い分にはかまわないが, すぐ壊れるようでは困る. As for the low price, I've no complaints, but if right away it breaks, I'll be awfully upset.

●あの分だと 1 位になるだろう. She seems to be in such good shape that I expect she'll win first place.

5 〔相当量〕

●若いうち苦労した分, 今楽していられる. In my youth I worked hard, so now I can relax [take it easy, live in comfort].

・このキュウリは形が不揃いだけど, その分お安くしておくよ. These cucumbers are not all the same shape [size], so I'll give you a discount.

・今年のリンゴは, 雨が少なかった分実は小さいけれど甘さは抜群だ. Apples this year are smaller than usual, since there was less rain, but the sweetness is outstanding [they are very sweet].

・よく練習した分筋肉がついたね. You put on some muscle due to all your practice.

分相応 ⇒ぶんそうおう.

分不相応 ⇒ぶんふそうおう.

II

ぶん【文】

1 〔文章〕 writings; a composition; 〔本文〕 the text; 〔文体〕 style.

●洗練された文 polished writing; a polished style

・わかりやすい文 an easy [a simple] style

・書き出しの文 an opening sentence

・結びの文 a closing sentence.

●文中不明の点 an obscure point in the text.

●感想を文に綴る commit [put] one's impressions in [into] writing.

●文を作る make [write] a composition

・文を練る polish [elaborate] one's style

・立派な文を書く write an excellent style; write in good style [a good style]

・簡単な言葉で文を綴る frame sentences with simple words

・文を飾る embellish [polish up] one's style

・文を寄せる contribute an article (to a magazine).

●文は人なり. The style is the man. 【諺】

2 【文法】 a sentence.

●1文で in one [a single] sentence.

●これは長すぎる. 2 つか 3 つの文に切ったほうがよい. This is too long. Better break it up into two or more parts [sentences].

●文の終わりに句点を付ける. Put a period at the end of a sentence.

●文を構成する要素 elements which form [compose] the sentence; elements of a sentence

・文を組み立てる build [make] up a sentence; form a sentence

・2 つの文を 1 つにまとめる throw [combine] two sentences into one.

3 〔文学〕 literature; letters; the pen.

一語文 one-word sentence.

会話文 a conversational sentence [text]; a dialogue.

説明文 an explanation; an explanatory style.

否定文 a negative sentence.

文語文 ⇒ぶんご.

III

-ぶん【-分】

1 〔相当する分量〕

●牛肉 1 万円分 one hundred yen's worth of beef

・おやつ 500 円分 five hundred yen's worth of snacks

・2 人分食べる eat enough for two

・(食物の) 4 人分 four helpings [servings].

●1 万円分のギフトカード a ten-thousand-yen gift certificate

・1 日分の糧食 a day's ration

・3 日分の薬 medicine for three days

・今月分の小遣い this month's pocket money [allowance]

・数か月分の食料 several months' supply of food

・5 人分の弁当 lunches for five persons

・3 人分の仕事 an amount of work sufficient for [requiring] three persons

・3 人分の仕事を 1 人でする do the work of three men

・後楽園球場 7 つ分の広さ 7 times the area of Kōrakuen

・その日福岡では例年の 7 月 1 か月分の雨が一度に降った. That day in Fukuoka, the usual amount of rain for the whole month of July fell in just one day [all at once].

●1 日分を 3 度に分けて飲む. split the daily dosage into 3 parts.

2 〔準ずること〕

●兄弟分 a brother by courtesy; a sworn brother

・兄貴分 like one's big [older] brother.

3 〔成分･含有量〕 content; percentage.

●アルコール分 alcoholic content [percentage, strength]

・それにはだいぶアルコール分がある. It contains a high percentage of alcohol.

●鉄分の多い地下水 ground water with a high iron content.

●ここの温泉は硫黄分を含んでいる. This hot spring contains sulphur.

4 〔分けること〕

●3 分の 1 a third (part); one third

・4 分の 3 three quarters

・7 分の 5 five sevenths

・100 分の 1 one hundredth; one percent

・百万分の一の地図 a map on the scale of 1:1,000,000; a one-to-a-million map

・4 分の 1 の値段 a quarter (of) the price

・この文章は最初の原稿を 3 分の 1 の長さに縮めたものだ. This article has been reduced to one-third of its original length.

・このやり方だと 3 分の 1 の費用ですむ. This method will entail [cost] only one-third of the expense(s).